Last update : August 4, 2021 National competent authoritiesNational competent authorities: The national competent authority is Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK). http://www.stuk.fi/web/en/ National legislative frameworkMain texts of the national regulation: The present national regulation is based on the Radiation Act (859/2018), Government Decree on ionizing radiation (1034/2018) and Decree of the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health on ionizing radiation (1044/2018). STUK issues more detailed regulations on the general dose constraints applicable to specific radiation practices and radiation sources and on limitations concerning potential exposure and their use as well as on demonstrating the implementation of the justification and the optimization of radiation protection. Provisions more stringent than the Directive EURATOM: No National dose registerNational body responsible of national statistics: The Dose Register is maintained by STUK. Contact information: doseregister@stuk.fi Types of recorded data: Passive dosimetryInternal dosimetry: commited doses and contamination measurementsMeasurements of internal exposure to radonAircrew external dosimetryData sender to the register: Other:Approved dosimetry services Airline companies Employer (or employee) Doses received in another country: YesOutside workers: When using outside workers the responsible party must ensure that monitoring of radiation exposure and medical surveillance have been arranged for these workers in accordance with sections 103 and 104 of the Radiation Act (859/2018). The employer of outside workers shall organize medical surveillance for category A workers. The responsible party must organize the individual monitoring of radiation exposure for an outside worker belonging in category A. The responsible party and the employer may agree in writing that the employer takes care of the individual monitoring and of the informations delivery to the dose register. However, no parallel individual monitoring need be arranged for outside workers with personal dosemeters of their own. Direct access to the register data: AuthoritiesRPE/RPOOccupational doctorOther access to the register data: Other:Authorities Employer Radiation passbookWorkers with radiation passbook: Only specific group of workersA worker leaving to perform radiation work abroad (at least in category A) needs the single use radiation passbook. The Finnish radiation passbook consist of a radiological monitoring document and a certificate from the occupational physician familiar with radiation. In Finland, doses for Finnish outside workers are obtained from the national dose register and radiation passbook is not needed. Radiation passbook centralisation: YesThe radiological monitoring documents (part of radiation passbook) are obtained from STUK. Approved dosimetry servicesApproval of dosimetry services: Individual monitoring of doses sustained by workers must be based on individual dose measurements or other individual dose determinations performed by an approved dosimetry service. The requirements for the reliability of radiation measurements are given in the section 59 of the Radiation Act (859/2018). In the STUK’s regulation STUK S/6/2018, STUK issues more detailed regulations on verifying the reliability of measurements and on the measuring instruments’ calibration, accuracy, use and suitability for a particular purpose for dosimetry services measuring the individual radiation doses of workers engaged in radiation work (approved dosimetry services). STUK approves dosimetry services. A list of the approved dosimetry services (in Finnish) is in STUK's webpages. Airline companies are treated like approved dosimetry services. STUK’s regulation STUK S/3/2019 presents the requirements governing radiation safety of aircrews exposed to cosmic radiation and the monitoring of their exposure. Approved dosimetry services: External radiation exposure: There are a few approved dosimetry services in Finland: one commercial service and nuclear power plants have their own services. Internal radiation exposure: STUK has an approved dosimetry service for internal exposure monitoring. Individual monitoring services: - Intercomparison measurement programs: YesWhen possible, the dosimetry service must also participate in international comparisons of measurement. External exposureReference dosimetry: Passive dosimetryCategory B workers: YesPositioning of the dosemeter: Above the lead apronPassive dosimetry - Radiation background: Determining the background radiation depends on the approved dosimetry service. Normally the background radiation is defined withing the first measurement period when starting the monitoring and when needed, but in addition every third year. Duration of the monitoring: max 1 month category A workers, max 3 months category B workers Description of the personal whole body dosemetersWhole body dosimetry: TLDRPLOSLSSNTDBubbledetectorsOthers(precise which one)Recording level(mSv) Photon or photon/electronHp(10)YNYNN0.10 per month Photon or photon/electronHp(0.07)YNYNN1.00 per month NeutronHp(10)YNNNN0.20 per month Description of the personal extremity dosemeters (ring)Extremity dosemeter (ring): TLDOthers(precise which one)Recording level(mSv) Photon/electronHp(0.07)Y1.00 per month Description of the personal extremity dosemeters (wrist)Extremity dosemeter (wrist): TLDOthers(precise which one)Recording level(mSv) Photon/electronHp(0.07)N PhotonHp(10)N NeutronHp(0.07), Hp(10)N Description of the lens dosemetersLens dosemeter: TLDOthers(precise which one)Recording level(mSv) Photon/electronHp(0.07), Hp(3), Hp(10)Y Aircrew exposureAircrew monitoring: Parties engaged in aviation operations must investigate if there is any cause to suspect, that the annual effective dose of an individual worker may exceed 1 mSv. In practice, this applies to all parties engaged in aviation operations at altitudes of more than 8000 meters. The responsible party must implement the radiation protection of aircrews in accordance with the requirements presented in STUKs regulation STUK S/3/2019. An appropriate calculation programme of proven reliability must be used for determining exposure to cosmic radiation. Reliability may be demonstrated, for example, by means of international comparisons. The calculation programme must be: 1) suitable for determining cosmic radiation doses; 2) validated according international standards or in other suitable and documented way and 3) sufficiently accurate: the computed ambient dose equivalent/ambient dose equivalent rate may not deviate by more than +- 30 % from the measured or reference value. Examples of calculation programmes of proven reliability are CARI, EPCARD and FREE. Aircrew doses are calculated by airline companies. Internal exposure monitoringIn vivo measurements: Whole body measurements concern the energy range of 50-2000 keV. Thyroid measurements are dedicated to iodine isotopes. Internal dose is determined directly using HPGe detectors. Radiotoxicological analysis: Activities of tritium, strontium, transuranium, uranium, polonium and lead are measured from urine samples. Internal commited dose assessment: Calculation of the dose is done either by using a suitable function/dose reduction factor or dose calculation program. Dose range varies depending both on the nuclide and the measuring method used. Recording level for internal commited dose: A recording level of 0.1 mSv is used for internal committed dose. Radon exposureMonitoring radon exposure: Radon measurement methods are approved by STUK. The requirements for the measurement method are represented in STUK’s regulation STUK S/3/2019. A list of the approved radon measurement methods (in Finnish) is in STUK's webpages.
